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My name is Dr. Daniel Wallerstorfer.
I am a molecular biologist and biotechnologist. Together with my team, I have developed this genetic analysis program.
I myself suffer from a genetic kidney disease. It will lead to me needing a donor kidney at some point. I'm not alone in this. Today, there are approximately 6,000 diseases that are caused by defects in genes and bring many difficult fates with them.
In addition to these rare, but serious diseases, there are also many common genetic defects. Although they significantly increase the risk of certain diseases, they do not inevitably lead to a negative outcome.
However, we do not have to be slaves to our inherent genetics. Therefore, I have made it my mission to take action against genetically determined destinies.
My personal goal
I want to eradicate genetic diseases and improve human health. The first step in this direction is nutrigenetics, which is the focus of this analysis. In this rapidly growing field of research, we learn how genes interact with our diet. Our goal is to identify the correct nutrients that can support you in effectively and specifically overcoming genetic deficits.
I wish you an exciting journey into the world of your nutrition genes - and more importantly; a successful path to your healthy future.
I'm happy to accompany you on this journey.
Dr. Daniel Wallerstorfer BSc.
Chief Scientific Officer, 10X Health
Much More
Learn more about yourself.
The connection between genetics and health is profound and offers great potential for preventative and personalized approaches. By deciphering the information in your genes, we can gain valuable insights that can help elevate your health to a new level.
I am pleased to embark on a healthier future together with you.
What are genes?
Through the interplay of your approximately 23,000 different genes, the unique complexity of your body is created.
What are genes?
Let's start with your body. It consists of about 50 trillion individual cells, i.e. 50,000 billion cells. Almost every cell contains a nucleus, which holds your 3.2 billion genetic letters, i.e. your genetic code. (In the case of a gene, a tiny fraction of this code, as text it would look like this: ATCGATCTTCGCAAATCTTGA.
Now, let's take a closer look at the genes. A single gene is a specific area of our genetic code. It contains the information on how the body must carry out a certain process. Every person usually has two copies of each gene, one from each parent. These two gene copies may be identical or slightly different, leading to variations in the expression of certain traits. This is why we refer to genes in plural in this report, especially in the results.
Every gene controls a specific process. For example, there are genes that tell the body what color it should produce in the eyes. There are also genes that make our skin produce natural sun protection, genes that ensure strong bones, and other genes that tell the intestines how to digest lactose in milk.
Through the interplay of your approximately 23,000 different genes, the unique complexity of your body is created.
When genes do not work correctly
And now we come to the problem. Genes are not infallible and each of us has inherited certain spelling mistakes in our genes from our parents.
A gene is a very precise instruction to the body how to carry out a certain process. For this process to work, the cell needs to be able to understand the instruction of the gene. Inherited errors in the genetic instruction of a gene disrupt this process, leading to the body lacking this one important function for health and nutrition.
But do not worry, if you read about gene defects we have identified in your genes. These are all very common and one of the reasons why we are all different with our own strengths and weaknesses. We have carefully chosen to test only for defective genes, where you have the ability to compensate for the lost or reduced function with other means such as your nutrition or lifestyle.
According to estimates, each person has about 2,000 genetic defects which negatively affect their health.
Good to know
What do defective and effective genes mean? The term is conceptually correct, but scientifically unusual.
- The term was chosen to make the complexity of genetics easier to understand. In science, we talk about gene variations, polymorphisms, deletions and insertions, among other things. The negative effects do not always have to mean a total failure of the genes.
- In your report, I always refer to favorable gene variations as 'effective' or 'functional' genes and unfavorable gene variations as 'defective' genes.
Disclaimer
The possibilities and limits of science
Science
Effects of genetic defects on your body according to scientific studiesToday, there are already about 4 million scientific publications that cover and bring you closer to your results, the gene defects on the human body. A typical finding from this sounds something like this: 'If you have gene defect X, vitamin Y cannot be converted and remains ineffective.' Only when the effects of a gene defect have been independently demonstrated by at least three different studies, is the gene test included in the program. Therefore, the influence of a gene defect is always backed by several scientific studies and you can find the sources for this at the end of each chapter.
Recommendation
Recommendations based on your genetic profileThe recommendations derived from your genetic traits are often not determined by studies, but are mostly logical conclusions. For example: If a certain vitamin doesn't work due to a gene variation, the conclusion is to switch to another vitamin with a similar effect. We achieve this by changing your diet or supplementation. Therefore, it is important to understand that the recommendations developed by our experts are not based on randomized, placebo-controlled studies, but were created as logical conclusions based on your genetic traits.
Terminology
What do defective and effective genes mean? The terms are conceptually correct, but scientifically unusual. The terms were chosen to make the complexity of genetics easier to understand. In science, we talk about gene variations, polymorphisms, deletions and insertions, among other things. The negative effects do not always have to mean a total failure of the genes. In your report, I always refer to favorable gene variations as 'effective' or 'functional' genes and unfavorable gene variations as 'defective' genes.
How is your report structured?
In this report, you will find a detailed evaluation of your own genes along with an explanation of what this means for you. I would like to guide you through this report and bring you closer to your results, the science behind it, and the recommendations for you. This will allow you to use the newly acquired knowledge as best as possible.
Only summary - or also backgrounds?
If you only want to know your results, you will find a summary of your genetic strengths and weaknesses in the first part. If you're more curious about the backgrounds of your genes, you will find detailed information and explanations in the respective chapters.
Fundamentally, this report is divided into many small chapters. Each is similarly structured. First, I briefly explain the topic to you. Then, we look at the results of your gene analysis together.
Further information
Many topics in genetics - such as the ability to detoxify pollutants - are not black or white but can lie somewhere in between, especially when multiple genes are responsible for a protective function. In such cases, graphics show where your genetic result lies between the two extremes (good/bad). This allows you to estimate your genetic risk and react accordingly.
Your body is a combination of more than 23,000 different genes that control the various aspects of your body. Therefore, it is important to consider a genetic aspect, not in isolation, but in the context of your entire body and the other genes. In your 'Precision Nutrition Plan' report there is a section titled 'Your Nutrient & Lifestyle Requirements', here is where we ask ourselves what exactly your results mean for your body, your diet and your health.
Good to know
- In many parts of the report, there are links to videos where I can explain the topic to you in more detail.
Your Results at a Glance
Results Overview
Find out, at a glance, the results of your personal genetic analysis. Which genes are working - and where is action needed? On the following pages, you will find detailed explanations for all results.
Gene overview
Please see below a description of each of the genes considered whilst creating your analysis.
Plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure.
Breaks down s-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) to adenosine and homocysteine, an important step in the regulation of methylation reactions.
Carries high density cholesterol within the blood, regulating levels.
Regulator of triglyceride levels by interacting with the LDL receptors genes.
Carries and regulates low density cholesterol within the blood.
Regulator of cholesterol and responsible for the breakdown of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.
Thought to be important in maintaining eye health.
Receptor for adrenaline / epinephrine, important in regulating heart rate.
Protects endothelial cells of the blood vessels from oxidative stress.
Important in maintaining heart health.
Major component of bone matrix, giving bone its characteristic structure.
Inactivates and initiates the breakdown of catecholamines, such as epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine, as well as estrogen and other drugs.
Protein that signals to the immune system the location of bacteria, dying or dead cells.
Important protein in immune responses against various different pathogens.
Involved in mediating the metabolism of environmental toxins, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Involved in many metabolic processes, including the metabolization of various xenobiotics, including caffeine.
Involved in mediating the metabolism of environmental toxins, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Plays a role in the regulation of bone metabolism, responding to estrogen.
Thought to be involved in insulin secretion and pancreatic function.
Important cellular enzyme that utilizes glutathione and neutralizes hydrogen peroxide to water.
Involved in various cell signalling and communication pathways.
Part of intracellular channels that link adjacent cells with each other to exchange small molecules.
Involved in the cellular detoxification of exogenous and endogenous substances, protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Involved in the cellular detoxification of endogenous substances, protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Involved in the cellular detoxification of exogenous and endogenous substances, protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Determines how much iron is absorbed from the diet and released from storage sites.
Involved in many developmental processes.
Important in maintaining metabolic health.
Plays a central role in the regulation of the immune system.
Plays a central role in the regulation of the immune system.
Regulates proteins in the extracellular matrix of the retina by breaking them down.
Important cytokine in immune and inflammatory responses.
Involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses.
An essential component of the immune response to inflammation.
An important component in the inflammatory response to producing inflammation.
Essential for regulating immune responses.
Involved in communication between platelets and their environment.
Helps to regulate the glucose concentration in the blood, using the hormone, insulin.
Digests lactose, a sugar found in milk.
Important in remodelling tissues and wound repair.
Activation of folate to support the body's many methylation reactions.
Responsible for the generation of methionine from homocysteine, an important step in the biosynthesis of s-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for methylation reactions.
Important enzyme for the production of methionine and subsequent methylation reactions.
Produces nitric oxide from arginine in the endothelium of blood vessels regulating vasodilation for blood pressure control.
Converts coenzyme Q10 into ubiquinol, an intracellular antioxidant that helps to protect against oxidative stress.
Involved in radical elimination and lipid metabolism.
Important for regulating fatty acid storage and glucose metabolism.
Involved in the cellular detoxification of superoxide free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative stress.
A transcription factor in the regulation of cholesterol.
Regulates many different genes, controlling the level of their activity.
A cytokine that regulates the cells of the immune system.
Responds to vitamin D, regulating the body's calcium and phosphate levels.
Science Statement
There are approximately 4 million scientific publications on genetics. Only when a gene effect is reported to have the same outcome by at least three independent studies, we include it in your analysis. This science is delivered throughout your report.
The Secrets of Our Health
Healthy Nutrition
What role do our genes play for our well-being and vitality when it comes to nutrition.
Effect of Coffee and Caffeine
Whether coffee is good or bad for you depends on your genes. Some ingredients in coffee are healthy, but its caffeine content may not be good for everyone.
How genes influence the effect of coffee and caffeine
Coffee is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, there is hardly any food that contains a higher concentration of healthy antioxidants, polyphenols, flavonoids, chlorogenic acids, resveratrol and melanoidins. These substances fight toxic waste products from our metabolism and thus protect our cells from turning into cancer cells.
On the other hand, there is caffeine in coffee. There are plants that developed this substance as a deadly neurotoxin against insects. In modern times, it has become the world's most popular psychoactive drug among people due to its stimulating effect. Caffeine blocks certain receptors in the brain and thus delays the onset of tiredness.
Studies show signs such as:
• excessive consumption of caffeine increases the overall mortality rate by 21%,
• caffeine dangerously increases blood pressure in at-risk individuals,
• in young people with high blood pressure, it can almost quadruple the risk of a heart attack
• it promotes gout attacks, insomnia, cysts, headaches, incontinence, decreased fertility, miscarriages, anxiety and depression, collagen loss in the skin and reduction of bone density.
Fortunately, our bodies have a specific weapon against harmful caffeine: the CYP1A2-genes.
CYP1A2: The weapon against caffeine
An Overview of the CYP1A2-genes
The CYP1A2-genes have the task in the body of recognizing foreign substances (in this case, caffeine) and immediately neutralizing them. As with most genes, each person has two of these: one from the father and one from the mother.
Almost half (41%) of the population has two functioning genes that recognize caffeine immediately and neutralize it. Caffeine is therefore broken down very quickly in these individuals before it can cause harm. People who can drink a cup of coffee before going to bed without staying awake all night usually (but not always) belong to this category.
44% have both a functioning and a defective gene. As a result, they break down caffeine significantly slower. 15% have two defective genes - they break down caffeine very slowly through other pathways.
Coffee and heart health
Coffee also affects the heart. Individuals with optimal genes have a 50% reduced risk of suffering a heart attack (compared to individuals who do not drink coffee at all). Therefore, coffee is healthy for them. But what about individuals with defective CYP1A2-genes? The exact opposite occurs here. With only four or more cups of coffee per day, the risk of a heart attack increases by 133%.
Functional CYP1A2-genes
When enjoying coffee, two different substances enter our cells: the healthy antioxidants and polyphenols, as well as other healthy substances, but also the harmful caffeine.
In the case of functional CYP1A2-genes, the unhealthy caffeine is quickly broken down before it can cause damage. The healthy substances then exert their effects and improving heart health. For the 41% of people with these genes, coffee is healthy.
Defective CYP1A2-genes
For individuals with defective CYP1A2-genes, the tables turn. Cells certainly benefit from the healthy aspects of coffee, but the caffeine remains in the body for a long time without being neutralized. In this case, it causes more damage than the healthy substances' provided benefits.
Heart health deteriorates. Therefore, for the 59% of people who were born with one or two defective CYP1A2-genes, coffee is unhealthy.
How the CYP1A2-genes affect caffeine neutralization
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, caffeine is quickly neutralized and the healthy antioxidants protect the body.
Coffee contains harmful caffeine and healthy antioxidants.
The CYP1A2-genes have the task of recognizing and neutralizing harmful caffeine.
The harmful caffeine is neutralized and the healthy antioxidants protect the body. Thus, coffee is healthy.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, caffeine is not neutralized and harms the body more than the antioxidants protect.
Coffee contains harmful caffeine and healthy antioxidants.
The defective CYP1A2-genes cannot recognize and neutralize harmful caffeine.
Caffeine stays in the body and harms health more than antioxidants would protect. Thus, coffee is unhealthy.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| CYP1A2 (rs762551) | A/C |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, caffeine is only neutralized slowly.
Reduce your caffeine intake by drinking decaffeinated coffee.
Your impaired CYP1A2-genes are only able to slowly recognize and neutralize harmful caffeine.
The healthy antioxidants in decaffeinated coffee are good for your health.
Our recommendation for you
Since your CYP1A2-genes are impaired, you can only break down harmful caffeine slowly. Although coffee contains many healthy substances, the caffeine harms you and you should reduce caffeinated coffee if possible. A good alternative is decaffeinated coffee.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your results in terms of coffee and caffeine compare to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, and how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the general population.
A
CYP1A2 (rs762551)
Both genes are functional
Caffeine is normally metabolized Protection against the development of cardiovascular diseases and breast cancer with coffee consumption
41%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
CYP1A2 (rs762551)
One gene defective
Caffeine is broken down slowly Risk of developing cardiovascular diseases with coffee consumption
43%
of the general population is affected
C
CYP1A2 (rs762551)
Both genes are defective
Caffeine is broken down slowly Risk of developing cardiovascular diseases with coffee consumption
16%
of the general population is affected
Effect of Omega-3 on HDL Cholesterol
HDL is the so-called 'good' cholesterol - whether the intake of Omega-3 has a positive effect on it or not, depends on our genes.
How genes influence the effect of Omega-3 and HDL cholesterol
Do you have high cholesterol levels in your blood? Then, there's a good chance that your doctor will recommend taking Omega-3 capsules. These contain polyunsaturated fatty acids (also known as PUFAs), which is what we refer to as healthy fat. They are the reason why we consider, for example, fish as being healthy.
If you want to improve your PUFA intake through dietary supplements, Omega-3 fatty acids are a very good choice. In fact, some studies show that taking PUFAs (for example, Omega-3) has a positive effect on blood lipids. Therefore, additional intake is a good idea.
The influence of genes on cholesterolOn the other hand, critics could present studies suggesting that the intake of Omega-3 fatty acids or increasing the consumption of healthy fats had no effect on cholesterol levels.
There are controversial discussions about whether the additional intake of Omega-3 is a good or bad idea when levels are elevated. But why is this? Is Omega-3 good or bad for your cholesterol levels? The answer lies in your genes.
The most important details at a glance
- Cholesterol is important for the human body. Too much cholesterol narrows our blood vessels and it can lead to a heart attack or stroke. HDL binds excess cholesterol in the blood and transports it away.
The APOA1-genes
There seems to be a correlation between the effect of unsaturated fatty acids like Omega-3 on the cholesterol levels and the APOA1-genes. The product of these genes is one of the main components of good HDL cholesterol. Essentially, this is a molecular waste disposal, which transports and disposes of excess fat. Therefore, these genes play an important role in regulating the cholesterol levels in the blood. An increased intake of additional Omega-3 leads to an increase in the good HDL cholesterol levels in the presence of functioning APOA1-genes. Therefore, Omega-3 is an effective nutrient to improve heart health.
How common are defective APOA1-genes?About 4% of the population have two normally functioning APOA1-genes. 30% have one well-functioning and one defective gene. The remaining 66% have two defective genes.
Things get interesting when individuals with different genes consume Omega-3 fatty acids.
For those with two normal genes, everything proceeds as expected. The more Omega-3 is ingested, the higher the good HDL values increase. So, Omega-3 is very effective.
If one of the two APOA1-genes is defective, the HDL-improving effect of Omega-3 also reduces.
If both genes are defective, Omega-3 turns negative: The higher the intake, the worse the HDL values become. Thus, Omega-3 achieves exactly the opposite of what should be achieved. For these individuals, Phytosterols are a good alternative to Omega-3.
Important to know: This does not mean that affected individuals should consume unhealthy saturated fats rather than the generally considered healthy polyunsaturated fats.
For individuals with defective APOA1-genes, this means: Unsaturated fatty acids from fish and plant oils are indeed better for them than saturated animal fats. Additionally, they should also ensure they do not intake a high dose of unsaturated fatty acids via Omega-3's.
This is how genes influence the effect of Omega-3 on HDL cholesterol
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, the intake of Omega-3 has a positive effect on HDL cholesterol.
The additional intake of Omega-3 fatty acids has a positive effect on good cholesterol.
The positive HDL cholesterol increases.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, taking Omega-3 has no positive effect on HDL cholesterol and can even worsen it.
Additional Omega-3 cannot activate its positive effect on cholesterol.
Therefore, additional Omega-3 leads to a worsening of the good HDL cholesterol.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| APOA1 (rs670) | C/C |
Your genes are defective
Since your genes are defective, your HDL cholesterol levels would worsen with the intake of Omega-3.
Omega-3 is counterproductive and should be reduced.
Phytosterols are an effective alternative to Omega-3 for improving HDL cholesterol.
The good HDL cholesterol is increased.
Our recommendation for you
Your APOA1-genes are defective. Therefore, polyunsaturated fatty acids and Omega-3 do not have a positive effect on your cholesterol levels, but they are still better than the saturated fatty acids in animal fats. Therefore, you should prefer fish and plant oils over other animal foods, but you should not increase the intake of unsaturated fatty acids, by taking Omega-3 capsules or other Omega-3 supplements. Phytosterols are considered a good alternative to Omega-3 to improve your cholesterol.
· Polyunsaturated fatty acids are generally considered healthy fat. However, this is not always the case, as can be seen with the APOA1-genes. These fatty acids or PUFAs are particularly found in fish like salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and trout, as well as in walnuts, sunflower seeds, and plant oils.
· Omega-3 fatty acids are a subcategory of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The main forms of fatty acids are DHA and EPA from animal sources. Omega-3 is often taken as a dietary supplement in addition to regular nutrition.
· Simplified, phytosterol is the cholesterol of plants. It has a very similar structure to cholesterol, so it competes with cholesterol for absorption into the blood in the intestine. For every gram of phytosterols that are ingested, one less gram of cholesterol ends up in the blood. Therefore, phytosterols in plant oils and margarine or as a dietary supplement are a good alternative to Omega-3 capsules.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your results in terms of Omega-3 and HDL cholesterol compare to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible combinations of how frequently the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
T
APOA1 (rs670)
Both genes are functional
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as Omega-3) improve HDL cholesterol levels
4%
of the general population is affected
C
APOA1 (rs670)
One gene defective
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as Omega-3) improve HDL cholesterol levels
30%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
APOA1 (rs670)
Both genes are defective
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as Omega-3) worsen the HDL cholesterol levels
66%
of the general population is affected
Effect of Folic Acid
Folate (in the form of folic acid) can help in blood cell formation and cell division, but it must first be converted to its active form, methylfolate, which is influenced by your genes.
During pregnancy, folic acid is the most commonly consumed dietary supplement. And for good reason. Already, in 1994, scientists were able to prove that the risk of the embryonic malformation Spina bifida (open back and paralysis of the legs at birth) is reduced by 70% if the mother has taken the vitamin daily as a food supplement.
However, 50% of pregnancies are unplanned and folic acid is especially important in the first weeks of pregnancy. That is why countries like Canada, Costa Rica, South Africa, or the USA have decided to artificially add folic acid to grain products like bread. This concept is considered one of the most successful programs for food additives in history. In the USA alone, the number of cases of Spina bifida fell by up to 32%. But what, if your body can't activate folic acid?
By the way: Folic acid is not only important for pregnant women. The vitamin is also an integral part of the protective mechanism against harmful homocysteine. If the homocysteine level in the blood is too high, it can negatively affect heart health, just like too high cholesterol levels.
The effectiveness of folic acid depends on your genes and your body's ability to convert it into its active form, methylfolate. Without this conversion, folic acid cannot provide its full benefits. In case of a gene defect, unconverted folic acid has the potential to accumulate in the body and negatively impact health.
The MTHFR-Genes and the Folic Acid Conversion
Active folate is important for the health of every individual. However, folic acid is not yet active after it is consumed through food. The MTHFR-genes are responsible for the conversion of inactive folic acid to its active form, Methylfolate.
Folic acid can be activated in the body through the MTHFR-genes
Methylfolate (active form)The naturally occurring and active form of folic acid in the body is called methylfolate. However, methylfolate is very heat-sensitive. For instance, boiling broccoli in water can result in losing more than half of its methylfolate content. Briefly steaming vegetables retains most of their folate. This heat sensitivity makes adding methylfolate to food products like flour impractical. Therefore, supplementing with methylfolate directly is more effective than relying on food fortification.
Folic acid (artificial form)Folic acid can be produced cheaply on an industrial scale and is more heat-stable. However, it has a significant drawback: folic acid is not active in the body until it is converted into methylfolate. This conversion process depends on functional MTHFR genes. Defective genes can result in an accumulation of folic acid and negative health impacts.
How the MTHFR-genes affect folic acid conversion
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, folic acid can be converted into the active form of methylfolate by MTHFR.
Folic acid enters the body through food, but it is still ineffective and inactive.
The functioning MTHFR-genes provide the building instructions and MTHFR is produced.
MTHFR recognizes folic acid and chemically converts it into the active form.
The active form of methylfolate shows its healthy effect.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, folic acid cannot be converted and remains ineffective.
Folic acid enters the body through food, but is still ineffective and inactive.
The defective MTHFR-genes cannot produce MTHFR.
Folic acid is not converted into the active form and remains ineffective.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| MTHFR (rs1801133) | G/A | |
| MTHFR (rs1801131) | T/T |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, folic acid can only be converted slowly.
Folic acid is still inactive after ingestion.
Your impaired MTHFR-genes can only activate folic acid to a limited extent.
Folic acid is only slowly activated by your impaired genes.
By taking methylfolate, you are optimally supplied.
Our recommendation for you
Due to impaired MTHFR-genes, your body converts folic acid into methylfolate slowly. Therefore, it's recommended to use a dietary supplement that already contains the active form, methylfolate, to ensure optimal health benefits.
· Methylfolate is important for breaking down harmful homocysteine, which poses a risk for arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and cardiovascular diseases, among other things. This nutrient is critical to a normal homocysteinemetabolism.
· In addition, methylfolate plays an important role in bloodformation, in the immune system, and in cell division. Moreover, it contributes to reducing fatigue and exhaustion.
The active form of methylfolate is found in animal and plant foods, for example:
- Leafy vegetables such as spinach and lettuce
- Legumes
- Potatoes
- Tomatoes
- Oranges
- Various berries and sprouts
- Liver
- Eggs
Important to know
- If these foods are heated to over 60 °C/140 °F, a large part of the heat-sensitive methylfolate breaks down. So try to gently prepare your food and only heat it briefly.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
5%
The people who do not have functioning MTHFR-genes
Find out even more ...
MTHFR-Gene: Long known to science
The role of MTHFR-genes has been known to science for a long time. As early as 2002, a meta-study was published which analysed all the available science on the subject and came to the conclusion: if the MTHFR-genes are defective, the person suffers from folate deficiency even when taking additional folic acid, as the nutrient cannot be activated.
This statement has since been confirmed in approximately 300 independent studies among all tested populations. As part of these studies, more than 300,000 individuals have been examined. This makes the influence of the MTHFR-genes one of the best-studied nutrigenetic effects.
How active are the MTHFR-genes in the population?
Every person has two copies of the MTHFR gene: one from the father and one from the mother. However, there are two common gene defects in these genes that reduce their activity. On the following page, you will see which variants can occur.
Your genes in comparison
On this page, you will find out how your results, in terms of folic acid, compare to the general population.
The ability to convert inactive folic acid into the active form of methylfolate is at
100 %
9.0%
of the general population is affected
83 %
39.0%
of the general population is affected
66 %
21.0%
of the general population is affected
48 %
27.0%
of the general population is affected
61 %
3.0%
of the general population is affected
25 %
1.0%
of the general population is affected
Heart Protection from Homocysteine
Homocysteine is a necessary building block for proteins, however, an excess can also have negative effects. Your genes play a crucial role in regulating the homocysteine levels in your blood.
How genes influence your homocysteine levels
What is homocysteine?Homocysteine is considered an essential building block for new proteins in the body and is therefore vital for life. For health, homocysteine should always stay within the normal range.
What causes too much homocysteine?A deficiency in vitamin B12, vitamin B6, or folic acid can lead to elevated homocysteine levels. Further causes include kidney diseases, hypothyroidism, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, or defective enzymes.
What are the consequences of too much homocysteine?If homocysteine levels rise above the normal level, it can have negative effects on cardiovascular health, similar to high cholesterol levels. In addition, too much homocysteine can impair cognitive health.
How can too much homocysteine be reduced?There are several ways to this:
• MTRR is involved in the regulation of homocysteine.
• A lack of vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 is also responsible for the rising levels of homocysteine.
• Vitamin B2 can also lower homocysteine levels, but only if the MTHFR-genes responsible for this are intact.
The influence of genes on homocysteine
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, homocysteine is quickly converted into other substances before it can strain the heart.
High homocysteine levels in the blood put a strain on the cardiovascular system and should be lowered.
The MTRR-genes transform harmful homocysteine into harmless methionine. Vitamin B12 supports this transformation.
Homocysteine can also be converted into harmless cysteine. Vitamin B6 is involved in this conversion.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, homocysteine is converted too slowly. Excessively high homocysteine levels put a strain on the heart.
High homocysteine levels in the blood put a strain on the cardiovascular system and should be lowered.
The defective MTRR-genes can only convert the harmful homocysteine into harmless methionine very slowly.
Homocysteine can instead be converted into harmless cysteine. Vitamin B6 is involved in this transformation.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| MTRR (rs1801394) | G/G | |
| MTHFR (rs1801133) | G/A |
Your genes are defective
Since your genes are defective, your homocysteine levels are not adequately regulated.
High homocysteine levels in the blood strain the cardiovascular system. Therefore, homocysteine must be broken down.
The defective MTRR-genes can only convert the harmful homocysteine into harmless methionine very slowly.
High doses of vitamin B6 and B12 support the conversion of homocysteine.
Our recommendation for you
Your genes are defective. Therefore, you are not adequately able to regulate homocysteine. You should increase certain nutrients in your diet to counteract this genetic weakness.
• Vitamin B12 contributes to a normal homocysteine metabolism. It helps reduce elevated homocysteine levels. In addition, vitamin B12 contributes to the normal function of the nervous and immune systems, the formation of red blood cells, and normal cell division. It also helps reduce fatigue and exhaustion.
• Vitamin B6 contributes to normal cysteine synthesis. As a result, homocysteine is depleted and subsequently decreased. In addition, vitamin B6 contributes to the regulation of hormonal activity, the normal function of the nervous and immune systems, the protein, glycogen and energy metabolism, and the formation of red blood cells. Like vitamin B12, vitamin B6 also helps reduce fatigue and exhaustion.
• Vitamin B2 positively affects your homocysteine levels and helps lower them.
Vitamin B2 is mainly found in animal products, for example in:
- Organs (e.g., liver and kidney)
- Fish (e.g., pollock and mackerel)
- Dairy and whey products
- Cheese (e.g., whey cheese, Camembert, mountain cheese and Emmental)
- Whole grain products
- Cereal
Vitamin B6 is contained in animal and plant products, for example in:
- Meat (e.g. chicken, beef and liver)
- Whole grain products
- Potatoes
- Legumes
- Cabbage vegetables
- Tomatoes
Vitamin B12 is almost only found in animal products, for example in:
- Meat
- Fatty Sea Fish (e.g. Herring and Mackerel)
- Cheese
- Eggs
- Milk
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
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Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your result, in terms of homocysteine, compares to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, how often the respective gene defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
A
MTRR (rs1801394)
Both genes are functional
Optimal homocysteine regulation Vitamin B2 has no influence on homocysteine levels
43%
of the general population is affected
G
MTRR (rs1801394)
One gene defective
Homocysteine regulation restricted. Predisposition to elevated homocysteine levels Vitamin B2 improves homocysteine levels
41%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
MTRR (rs1801394)
Both genes are defective
Homocysteine regulation restricted. Predisposition to elevated homocysteine levels Vitamin B2 improves homocysteine levels
16%
of the general population is affected
C
MTHFR (rs1801133)
Both genes are functional
Optimal homocysteine regulation Vitamin B2 has no influence on homocysteine levels
59%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
MTHFR (rs1801133)
One gene defective
Predisposition to elevated homocysteine levels Vitamin B2 improves homocysteine levels
33%
of the general population is affected
A
MTHFR (rs1801133)
Both genes are defective
Predisposition to elevated homocysteine levels Vitamin B2 improves homocysteine levels
8%
of the general population is affected
Coenzyme Q10: The Anti-Aging Molecule
Before coenzyme Q10 can exert its effect in the body, it must be converted into the active form, ubiquinol. Your genes play a crucial role in this process.
Coenzyme Q10: The anti-aging molecule
You have probably already seen this advertising claim: 'The new anti-aging cream with Q10'. This is mentioned again and again in TV advertising and in women's magazines.
But what is actually behind the mysterious acronym Q10?The coenzyme Q10 is considered an anti-aging molecule, i.e., a molecule that can slow down natural aging processes. Q10 is widely used in both cosmetics and dietary supplements. And rightly so. Because the promotional claims are not just empty advertising promises. The molecule actually plays a very important role in our body. Thus, evolution has given us the ability to produce the coenzyme ourselves in the body. However, it should be noted that Q10 - similar to folic acid - is not yet active in the body.
This is how coenzyme Q10 works in the body
The body's own production of coenzyme Q10 fluctuates greatly with age. It is highest at around 23 years old. After that, it decreases by about half by the age of 80. To counteract the natural loss of the body's own Q10, many people opt for artificial supplementation.
In addition to the body's own production, the active ingredient enters the bloodstream through the intestine, among other things, as a dietary supplement. After Q10 has been distributed throughout the body, it is recognized by the NQO1-genes and converted into the active, protective form ubiquinol. It is precisely this ubiquinol that influences the aging processes - not the coenzyme Q10 itself. Just like vitamin C or vitamin E, ubiquinol is a very strong antioxidant. It recognizes free radicals and can neutralize them before they cause damage.
What role do the NQO1-genes play?
As with most genes, there are also differences in the NQO1-genes from person to person.
For 51% of the population, there is no problem.You have inherited two functioning NQO1-genes from your parents. This allows you to adequately convert the body's own or artificially administered Q10 into the healthy form.
Approximately 40% of people have both a functioning and a defective NQO1-gene.This reduces the ability to convert. But it remains possible.
However, around 9% of the population have inherited two defective NQO1-genes.Studies have shown that the defective genes only have 2% of the conversion ability of healthy genes. The body of affected individuals can practically no longer convert Q10 into the active form of ubiquinol. Therefore, neither the body's own Q10 nor the Q10 supplied through dietary supplements has a protective effect.
Important to know
- Our NQO1-genes convert Q10 into ubiquinol. This is the actual active ingredient that influences the aging process, and not the coenzyme Q10 itself.
Thus, the NQO1-genes affect the effect of coenzyme Q10
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, coenzyme Q10 is converted into the active form ubiquinol.
Coenzyme Q10 is still inactive and ineffective.
The NQO1-genes convert inactive Q10 into active ubiquinol.
Active ubiquinol identifies harmful free radicals and neutralizes them.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, coenzyme Q10 is not converted into the active form ubiquinol.
Coenzyme Q10 is still inactive and ineffective.
If the NQO1-genes are defective, they cannot convert inactive Q10 into active ubiquinol.
Free radicals are not recognized are deemed harmless and damage the cells.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| NQO1 (rs1800566) | G/G |
Your genes are effective
Since your genes are effective, Coenzyme Q10 is converted into the active form ubiquinol.
The body's own Q10 or Q10 supplied from dietary supplements is still ineffective.
Your NQO1-genes can convert Q10 into the active form ubiquinol.
The active ubiquinol adequately protects you against harmful free radicals.
Our recommendation for you
Your NQO1-genes are functioning properly. Therefore, you are able to convert both the self-produced and the coenzyme Q10 taken as a dietary supplement into the active, protective form of ubiquinol. This makes you well protected against free radicals. However, the following tips are still considered healthy:
· Vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid are among the antioxidants. They have the ability to immediately identify and neutralize newly formed free radicals before they can cause damage. Vitamin C and vitamin E work together and together have a stronger effect against free radicals than each of the vitamins alone.
· Coffee also contains a lot of antioxidants. Whether it is good for you depends on unhealthy caffeine, however, depends on the CYP1A2-genes. In the Coffee and Caffeine chapter, you will learn more about this.
· While zinc and manganese are not direct antioxidants that neutralize free radicals, they are important building blocks for the body's enzymes that must perform this task. Thus, these two minerals also help to protect your body.
The foods with the highest concentration of antioxidants include:
- ·Oranges
- ·Strawberries
- ·Avocado
- ·Carrots
- ·Garlic
- ·Mango
- ·Spinach
- ·Broccoli
- ·Onions
- ·Nuts
- ·Red Wine
- ·Grapes
- ·Tea
- ·Grapefruit
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
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Note: You will not find ubiquinol, the active form of coenzyme Q10, in your list of requirements as ubiquinol is very unstable. This means that it converts back into Q10 on contact with oxygen and its effect is severely impaired. Because of this we have listed other, more stable antioxidants for you to increase the health-promoting effect.
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your results, in terms of coenzyme Q10, compare to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
Your result
C
NQO1 (rs1800566)
Both genes are functional
The enzyme NQO1 effectively converts coenzyme Q10 into the antioxidant ubiquinol
51%
of the general population is affected
A
NQO1 (rs1800566)
One gene defective
The enzyme NQO1 converts coenzyme Q10 slowly into the antioxidant ubiquinol
40%
of the general population is affected
A
NQO1 (rs1800566)
Both genes are defective
The NQO1 enzyme cannot convert coenzyme Q10 into the antioxidant ubiquinol
9%
of the general population is affected
Detoxification of Carcinogens
Cigarette smoke, exhaust fumes, the contact of ashes on the skin, and burned food pose health risks - our genes play an important role in this.
How genes influence the detoxification of burnt food
Lung cancer is one of the most severe consequences of regular tobacco consumption. In addition to this, smoking can trigger 14 other types of cancer. Although there are many advanced cancer therapies, 85% of those diagnosed with lung cancer have already died five years after the diagnosis. But why does tobacco smoke cause cancer or lung cancer?
Are PAHs really carcinogenic?To be precise, PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) are not actually carcinogenic. Because they must first be recognized by certain genes, the CYP1A1-genes, and converted into carcinogenic substances in the body. At first glance, it seems as if these genes are working against us. But even though the PAHs actually become toxic through the CYP1A1-genes, it's an essential process to get rid of these contaminants.
Because other genes can now recognize these newly formed, carcinogenic substances and completely neutralize them. Therefore the cancer-causing effect of PAHs is only an important, intermediate step on the way to detoxification.
Stay healthy longer with CYP1A1Thus the CYP1A1-genes are vital. An experiment with mice shows this. Specially bred mice without these genes died within a month after they had been administered a high dose of PAHs. Mice with functioning CYP1A1-genes remained healthy for at least another year.
Detoxification genes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1
The CYP1A1-genesThe CYP1A1-genes convert toxins into carcinogenic substances, which are then neutralized. Interestingly, there is a common gene defect in these genes: it makes the genes 1100 active. This has a special effect on a smoker, who inhales large amounts of PAHs. The PAHs are immediately recognized by the hyperactive genes and converted into carcinogenic substances as quickly as possible.
Thus, the cancer protection can be lostThe substances then accumulate very quickly. This leads to them not being recognized and neutralized quickly enough by the genes responsible for detoxification.
The carcinogenic substances are increasing. They begin to damage the cells and the DNA contained within them. This introduces errors into the genetic code, potentially disabling important cancer prevention genes. In this process, the anti-cancer protection is lost in the affected cell. The cell begins to divide uncontrollably and grow into a tumor.
The CYP1B1-genesThe CYP1A1-genes have a close relative that behaves similarly: the CYP1B1-genes. Due to a gene variation, the conversion of PAHs into carcinogenic substances is accelerated. This significantly increases the risk of lung cancer. Does this mean that you can smoke without problems if you have good CYP1A1 and CYP1B1-genes? Of course not. Smoking is unhealthy for everyone, regardless of which genes they have. However, for some, tobacco consumption is significantly worse because of their genes.
Anything burned is harmfulNo matter what genetic profile you have: It's always a good idea not to smoke. However, there are other sources of carcinogenic substances that can also endanger non-smokers.
Risk factors include, for example, inhaling exhaust fumes or contact with ash on the skin.
However, the greatest danger comes from burnt food. If your steak is on the grill or in the pan for too long, carcinogenic substances are formed - and your genes may not be sufficiently prepared for this.
How detoxification genes protect against burnt substances
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, PAHs are only transformed into unhealthy intermediate products as quickly as these can be broken down.
PAH toxins enter the body and need to be detoxified.
The detoxification genes recognize PAH toxins and convert them into carcinogenic intermediates of detoxification.
The further detoxification breaks them down immediately before they can cause damage.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, PAHs are converted much too quickly into the unhealthy intermediate products, which then accumulate in the body.
PAH toxins enter the body and need to be detoxified.
The defective detoxification genes convert PAH toxins much too quickly into carcinogenic intermediates.
The further detoxification is too slow to break these down quickly enough. Cancer-causing substances harm the body.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| CYP1A1 (rs4646903) | A/A | |
| CYP1A1 (rs1048943) | T/T | |
| CYP1B1 (rs1056836) | G/C |
Your genes are effective
Since your genes are effective, toxins are only converted into the carcinogenic intermediate product as quickly as the further detoxification process can break it down.
PAH toxins enter your body and need to be detoxified.
Your functional genes recognize toxins and transform them into cancer-causing intermediates.
Your further detoxification immediately breaks these down before they can cause damage.
Our recommendation for you
Your detoxification genes are functional. This means your body is well suited to detoxify PAH pollutants in burned substances. Smoke, ash, soot, and burned substances are harmful to you, but they do not cause excessive damage.
· Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be found in many products such as mouse pads, toys, or bath shoes. However, the greater threat is air pollution from fire, fireplaces, furnaces or car exhaust. Particularly large amounts of PAHs enter the body through tobacco smoke. The intestine is particularly burdened by grilled, smoked or burned food.
· The best method to protect against PAHs: avoid them completely. If you work with ash and soot, you should wear a respirator. Use gloves to prevent direct skin contact. Do not smoke and prepare your meals as gently as possible.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your results, in terms of detoxification from burned substances, compare to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible combinations of how often the respective gene defects occur alone or in combination in the population.
Your result
T
CYP1A1 (rs1048943)
Both genes are functional
Effective detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
77%
of the general population is affected
C
CYP1A1 (rs1048943)
One gene defective
Limited detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
19%
of the general population is affected
C
CYP1A1 (rs1048943)
Both genes are defective
Limited detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
4%
of the general population is affected
A
CYP1A1 (rs4646903)
Both genes are functional
Effective detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
52%
of the general population is affected
G
CYP1A1 (rs4646903)
One gene defective
Limited detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
37%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
CYP1A1 (rs4646903)
Both genes are defective
Limited detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
11%
of the general population is affected
G
CYP1B1 (rs1056836)
Both genes are functional
Effective detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
46%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
CYP1B1 (rs1056836)
One gene defective
Limited detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
31%
of the general population is affected
C
CYP1B1 (rs1056836)
Both genes are defective
Limited detoxification of ash, soot and smoke
23%
of the general population is affected
Detoxification of Chemicals
How well our body can neutralize herbicides, pesticides, heavy metals, etc. depends on our genes.
How genes affect chemical detoxification
In an industrial environment, we are exposed to thousands of chemicals and pollutants. They can enter our body through skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion. Fortunately, evolution has equipped us with an effective genetic protection. This detects pollutants in the body and neutralizes them before they can harm us.
Our genes can detect pollutantsThe most important genes for this process are called GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1. They recognize industrial chemicals and solvents as well as herbicides and pesticides that we spray on our vegetables. In addition, they can identify heavy metals that we ingest through contaminated fish or (now banned) lead-based paint in the house.
However, as with many genetic protection mechanisms, there are significant differences from person to person. This can pose a health burden for people with poorer genes.
The GST-genes
The GST-genes - GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 - belong to a family that all perform very similar functions. They recognize certain chemical compounds in a variety of pollutants to which we are potentially exposed to.
The enzymes that are produced according to the blueprints of these genes bind to the pollutants and chemically alter them. In most cases, the pollutants are rendered harmless. And even more importantly: they are marked for the body to break down and remove. The liver and kidneys then filter the pollutants out of the blood and remove them from the body.
Functional genes provide protectionUnfortunately, gene defects in the GST-genes are very common. It can happen that one, two or even all three genes do not function properly. This means that the toxins stay in the body for too long and can cause damage.
Three functional genes offer the best protection. If one or two genes are disabled by defect, the protection is reduced. If all three genes are defective, this protection is completely lacking.
The null allele: briefly explainedIn most genetic defects, there is only a single letter mistake in the genetic instructions of the genes. But the genes GSTT1 and GSTM1 have a special feature: in some people, these genes are completely missing. These missing genes are referred to as 'null allele'. However, from a health perspective, this is just as disadvantageous as a typo. With the missing genes, a crucial piece of information is lost - and the corresponding function cannot be fulfilled.
Better organic food – without herbicides and pesticides?Therefore, whether organic food is particularly healthy for you also depends on your genes. If your GST-genes are functional, your body can detoxify chemicals such as herbicides and pesticides sufficiently. So it is not a problem to consume non-organic food. It is a different story if the genes are defective. Then, opting for organic foods makes perfect sense.
How GST-genes affect the detoxification of chemicals
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, pollutants are recognized and chemically transformed.
Chemicals and heavy metals enter the body.
The effective GST-genes recognize the harmful substances and convert them chemically.
The pollutants are neutralized before they can cause damage.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, the pollutants are not recognized and converted.
Chemicals and heavy metals enter the body.
The GST-genes are defective, they cannot recognize and convert the toxins.
The pollutants accumulate and damage the body.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| GSTM1 (Null-Allel) | DEL | |
| GSTP1 (rs1695) | G/A | |
| GSTT1 (Null-Allel) | INS |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, your body can only detoxify chemicals and heavy metals slowly.
Try to reduce contact with chemicals and heavy metals as much as possible. Take minerals to protect yourself.
Your GST-genes are impaired and can only slowly recognize and convert the pollutants.
Chemicals and heavy metals are neutralized by your genes and minerals.
Our recommendation for you
Your detoxification genes are impaired. Therefore, your body has limited capacity to remove chemicals and heavy metals from the body. To support your weakened detoxification from toxins, you should consume larger amounts of minerals.
Potential sources of heavy metals and chemicals:• Lead: Lead pollution of the air and plants is caused by lead-containing dust from industries. This dust can be removed through careful washing. Acidic foods (fruit, wine, vegetables) from lead-based tableware are also potential sources of heavy metals and chemicals. Calcium supports the detoxification of lead.
• Cadmium: Consumption through food - cadmium-rich foods are liver, mushrooms, mussels and other shellfish, cocoa powder, dried seaweed, and flaxseed. Artificial fertilizers on agricultural fields lead to cadmium accumulation in nearly all foods. Tobacco smoke also carries relatively large amounts of cadmium into the lungs. Zinc supports the cadmium detoxification process.
• Chemicals: Contained in industrial solvents, weed killers, fungicides, or insect sprays. Prefer organic products and wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly before consumption. Avoid skin contact with industrial solvents and ensure respiratory protection when handling these agents.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your results, in terms of detoxification of chemicals, compare to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, such as how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
G
GSTP1 (rs1695)
Both genes are functional
Good at being able to remove chemicals and heavy metals from the body
14%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
GSTP1 (rs1695)
One gene defective
Good at being able to remove chemicals and heavy metals from the body
43%
of the general population is affected
A
GSTP1 (rs1695)
Both genes are defective
Unable to effectively remove chemicals and heavy metals from the body
43%
of the general population is affected
INS
GSTM1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are functional
Effective detoxification of chemicals and heavy metals
56%
of the general population is affected
Your result
DEL
GSTM1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are defective
Limited detoxification of chemicals and heavy metals
44%
of the general population is affected
Your result
INS
GSTT1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are functional
Effective detoxification of chemicals and heavy metals
74%
of the general population is affected
DEL
GSTT1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are defective
Limited detoxification of chemicals and heavy metals
26%
of the general population is affected
Aging Protection Against Oxidative Stress
In our body, a constant struggle takes place. The culprit is the oxygen we breathe. How well we are protected against oxidative stress depends on our genes.
How your genes affect oxidative stress
Why is oxygen dangerous for us?Although we require oxygen to survive, it is actually a very aggressive substance. Not only can it rust hard iron but it can also cause great damage in our bodies. Oxygen damages the DNA and can thereby lead to cancer. It targets and kills brain cell endings, supported by alcohol. It damages cell walls, proteins, and other important structures, consequently leading to the aging process, among other things.
What does 'oxidative stress' mean?Approximately 5% of the oxygen we breathe in is converted in every cell into a toxic substance (superoxide) as a waste product of our metabolism. Superoxide is the first of a series of harmful, particularly reactive atoms and...
Molecules, which we call 'free radicals'. Superoxide behaves like a fire in a dry forest. It first damages the immediate surroundings and the damage spreads like a chain reaction in all directions. When there are too many free radicals in the body, the body's burden increases. This is referred to as 'oxidative stress'.
What are the causes of oxidative stress?Certain environmental factors can contribute to a significant increase in free radicals in the body and increase the risk of fire. For example, this includes, smoking; a single puff on a cigarette can release billions of free radicals. Other factors for oxidative stress include, stress, alcohol, environmental toxins, unprotected sunbathing, and air travel.
Protection against free radicals
How do our genes protect us from free radicals?Because free radicals are so harmful to our health, nature has given us genes that are tasked with immediately recognizing and neutralizing them before they can cause damage to the body.
Since free radicals can occur in different areas of the cells, these genes are also active in different zones. For example, the SOD2-genes only protect our mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cells. The CST-genes are also active in the remaining cell regions.
How do free radicals harm the body?
- Accelerated aging of the skin
- Accelerated greying of hair and hair loss
- Damage to DNA, associated increased risk of cancer
- Risk of cardiovascular diseases
- Risk of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
- Risk of brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease
- Risk of developing cataracts in the eyes
- Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
How our genes neutralize free radicals
What happens if these genes are defective?If the relevant genes do not function properly due to congenital gene defects, free radicals can cause damage to the cells unhindered. In the process, proteins, cell walls, and the DNA are sustainably destroyed.
For example, with alcohol consumption, it is the free radicals that are produced by the alcohol that kill brain cells and not the alcohol itself. This permanent damage to cells also leads to the body aging increasingly.
This is how your genes fight free radicals
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, dangerous free radicals are neutralized.
5% of the inhaled oxygen is converted into the harmful free radical, superoxide, in the body.
With sufficiently effective genes, emerging free radicals are neutralized.
Free radicals cannot cause any damage.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, harmful free radicals are not neutralized.
5% of the inhaled oxygen is converted into the harmful free radical, superoxide, in the body.
The defective genes cannot neutralize free radicals.
The aging process of the organism is accelerated.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| SOD2 (rs4880) | G/A | |
| GSTT1 (Null-Allel) | INS | |
| GPX1 (rs1050450) | G/G | |
| GSTM1 (Null-Allel) | DEL |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, you cannot sufficiently neutralize free radicals.
5% of the inhaled oxygen turns into harmful free radicals in the body.
Your impaired genes cannot sufficiently neutralize free radicals.
Free radicals are neutralized by genes and antioxidants.
The intake of antioxidants is recommended.
Our recommendation for you
Your genes are compromised and thus only provide a limited protection against free radicals. For this reason, you should compensate for this genetic weakness with larger amounts of free radical scavengers. We recommend you supplement with vitamin C, vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, zinc, and manganese.
• Vitamin C, vitamin E and Alpha-Lipoic acid are part of the antioxidants family. They have the ability to immediately recognize newly formed free radicals and neutralize them before they can cause damage. Vitamin C and vitamin E work together and thus have a stronger effect against free radicals than each of the vitamins alone.
• Coffee also contains a lot of antioxidants. Whether it's good for you despite the unhealthy caffeine depends on the CYP1A2-genes. You can find out more about this in the chapter on Coffee and Caffeine.
• Zinc and manganese are not direct antioxidants that neutralize free radicals, but they are important building blocks for the body's enzymes that must perform this task. Thus, these two minerals also help to protect your body.
• Selenium, as a component of many enzymes and proteins, plays a significant role in various biological functions. Its protection against free radicals and the regulation of inflammation and immune function are also worth highlighting.
The foods with the highest concentration of antioxidants include:
- •Oranges
- •Strawberries
- •Avocado
- •Carrots
- •Garlic
- •Mango
- •Spinach
- •Broccoli
- •Onions
- •Nuts
- •Red Wine
- •Grapes
- •Tea
- •Grapefruit
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
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is better for you
More
is better for you
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is better for you
More
is better for you
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is better for you
More
is better for you
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is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you can find out how your result, in terms of oxidative stress, compares to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible combinations of how often the respective gene defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
Your result
G
GPX1 (rs1050450)
Both genes are functional
Good protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
62%
of the general population is affected
A
GPX1 (rs1050450)
One gene defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
33%
of the general population is affected
A
GPX1 (rs1050450)
Both genes are defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
5%
of the general population is affected
Your result
INS
GSTT1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are functional
Good protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
74%
of the general population is affected
DEL
GSTT1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
26%
of the general population is affected
INS
GSTM1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are functional
Good protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
56%
of the general population is affected
Your result
DEL
GSTM1 (Null Allele)
Both genes are defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
44%
of the general population is affected
G
SOD2 (rs4880)
Both genes are functional
Good protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
20%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
SOD2 (rs4880)
One gene defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
43%
of the general population is affected
A
SOD2 (rs4880)
Both genes are defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals
37%
of the general population is affected
Sufficient Selenium Supply
The trace element selenium plays an important role in protecting against free radicals, regulating inflammation processes, and in immune defense. Your genes control how much selenium you need.
How selenium supports the GPX1-genes
In the preceding chapter, I described the genes that assist us in combating free radicals. However, there are additional genes that should protect you in a very specific way from a certain form of free radicals.
There is a wide range of substances that can act as free radicals in the body. The general protection and the genes responsible for it were discussed in the last chapter. However, among the free radicals, there is a very specific substance, hydrogen peroxide, which must be neutralized by the GPX1-genes. Harmful hydrogen peroxide is converted into harmless water by these genes. For this function, the genes need a sufficient amount of selenium.
The GPX1-genes can be impaired by a common gene variation. The impaired GPX1-genes can still neutralize the free radicals, but this protection occurs very slowly and weakly. Thus, the protection against these aggressive substances is limited.
Fortunately, there is a solution. Studies have shown that impaired GPX1-genes can be promoted in their activity by a particularly high dose of selenium. The GPX1-genes are still impaired, but the additional selenium produces so much more GPX1 that protection can be restored.
GPX1 and its effect against free radicals
If the genes are effective
With normal amounts of selenium, effective GPX1-genes can adequately protect the body.
Hydrogen peroxide, a free radical, is produced by the detoxification of other free radicals.
With normal selenium supply, the GPX1-genes can immediately recognize this substance and convert it into harmless water.
The cells are being protected.
If the genes are defective
With normal amounts of selenium, defective GPX1-genes cannot adequately protect the body.
Hydrogen peroxide, a free radical, is produced by the detoxification of other free radicals.
With normal selenium supply, the GPX1-genes can only slowly neutralize free radicals.
The cells are damaged.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| GPX1 (rs1050450) | G/G |
Your genes are effective
With normal amounts of selenium, your effective GPX1-genes can sufficiently protect your body.
Hydrogen peroxide, a free radical, is produced through the detoxification of other free radicals.
With normal selenium supply, your GPX1-genes can immediately recognize this substance and convert it into harmless water.
The cells are being protected.
Our recommendation for you
Since your GPX1-genes function properly, they can protect you well against free radicals with normal selenium supply. Therefore, a normal amount of selenium in the diet is completely sufficient to protect your cells.
• Selenium is an essential component of many enzymes, without which numerous processes in the body cannot function properly. Especially the GPX1 enzyme, which is produced by the GPX1-genes, and requires sufficient selenium. For this reason, the body depends on absorption either through food or in the form of dietary supplements.
• Selenium is particularly found in meat, cereal products, nuts, and mushrooms.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out what your result looks like, in terms of GPX1 and selenium, compared to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, how often the respective gene defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
Your result
G
GPX1 (rs1050450)
Both genes are functional
Good protection against oxidative stress and free radicals Normal selenium requirement
62%
of the general population is affected
G
GPX1 (rs1050450)
One gene defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals Increased selenium requirement
33%
of the general population is affected
G
GPX1 (rs1050450)
Both genes are defective
Limited protection against oxidative stress and free radicals High selenium requirement
5%
of the general population is affected
Salt and Blood Pressure
Salt is, among other things, important for the body's water balance. However, too much salt can increase blood pressure and genes play a role in this effect.
How genes influence the effect of salt
Salt is vital and must be supplied to the body every day through food. However, too much salt in the diet can lead to increased blood pressure. The more salt in the body, the more fluid the body needs. As salt intake increases, the necessary water is withdrawn from the cells. In order to flush the salt out of the blood as quickly as possible via the kidneys, the body increases the blood pressure. This effect is particularly strong in certain genetic types. Therefore, it can be important to reduce salt intake through diet.
How genes influence the effect of salt on blood pressure
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, table salt has only a minor impact on blood pressure.
Salt is absorbed through food.
The effective genes protect against an increase in blood pressure due to excessive consumption of table salt.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, too much table salt increases blood pressure.
Salt is absorbed through food.
The defective genes cause the blood pressure to excessively increase due to salt consumption.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| AGT (rs699) | G/A |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, table salt leads to a moderate increase in blood pressure.
Try to reduce your consumption of table salt.
Your impaired genes do not protect you greatly from the table salt. However, you are protected by the lower intake.
Our recommendation for you
Your genes only offer limited protection against the blood pressure raising effect of table salt. If possible, the use of table salt should be reduced.
· More than 70% of daily salt intake comes from processed foods and ready meals (frozen pizzas, instant soups), fast food and eating out. But also bread, meat and sausage products (especially salami, ham, cured meat) as well as dairy products and cheese (especially processed cheese, feta, gorgonzola and gouda) and of course salty snacks have a high salt content. Try to choose low-salt alternatives for these foods.
· According to WHO, 0.2 oz of salt per day should not be exceeded. Try to cook fresh food and use high-quality, unprocessed ingredients that are naturally rich in flavor. Season your dishes with fresh herbs like chives, parsley, cress etc. and various spices like pepper and chili to save on salt. Gradually reduce your salt consumption to get your taste buds used to it.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out how your results, in terms of salt intake and blood pressure, compare to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible combinations of how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
G
AGT (rs699)
Both genes are functional
Increased salt consumption does not raise blood pressure by a great amount
18%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
AGT (rs699)
One gene defective
Increased salt consumption moderately raises blood pressure
47%
of the general population is affected
A
AGT (rs699)
Both genes are defective
Increased salt consumption increases blood pressure greatly
35%
of the general population is affected
Effect of Vitamin D3
The fat-soluble vitamin D3 is, among other things, particularly important for bone metabolism. How much vitamin D3 your body needs also depends on your genes.
How genes affect the effect of vitamin D3
Vitamin D3 deficiency is a well-known, scientifically proven factor in the development of breast cancer, osteoporosis and other diseases. Therefore, the recommendation for osteoporosis and breast cancer prevention is to ensure adequate intake of vitamin D3 - either by sunlight exposure on the skin or through diet. However, the reality is somewhat more complex.
When vitamin D3 enters the body, it is recognized by specific receptors on certain cells. As a result, vitamin D3 can trigger various biological processes and regulate the activity of many genes that are important for health.
Simply more vitamin D3?
The VDR-genesThe VDR-genes are responsible for the recognition of vitamin D3 in the body. They contain the blueprints for the receptor, which is produced by the cell according to the instructions of the genes. Think of the receptor like a robotic arm that protrudes outwards on the cell surface and onto which vitamin D3 can dock precisely. This sends a signal to the cell, which then unfolds the healthy effects of the vitamin and activates certain other genes.
Defects in VDR-genesIf there is a typographical error in the construction instructions, the receptor will be structurally assembled incorrectly. Studies have shown that in these cases, vitamin D3 can only dock onto the receptors weakly. As a result, the health-relevant processes by vitamin D3 are activated very slowly.
Therefore, affected individuals may have sufficient vitamin D3 in their body according to a blood test. However, they still exhibit a deficiency, as the vitamin cannot properly unfold its effect due to this gene defect.
For example, the risk of developing breast cancer in carriers of this gene defect increases on average by 6.8%. The other positive effects of vitamin D3 are also inhibited.
Fortunately, we are not left completely helpless to these genetic weaknesses. Studies have shown, in order to restore the normal health effects of the vitamin, an exceptionally high intake of vitamin D3 can still sufficiently activate the less effective receptors. This restores the normal health effects of the vitamin. So if the genes are defective, you simply need more vitamin D3.
How the VDR-genes affect the effect of vitamin D3
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, the body can recognize normal amounts of vitamin D3 in the cells.
The VDR-genes produce the VDR receptors on the surface of the cell.
Vitamin D3 fits perfectly into the receptor arms and these send a signal to the cell to activate healthy processes.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, the body cannot recognize sufficient amounts of vitamin D3 in the cells.
Defective VDR-genes produce impaired VDR receptor arms on the surface of the cell.
Vitamin D3 still fits into the receptor arms, but can only bind very weakly and sends only a weak signal to the cell to activate healthy processes.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| VDR (rs1544410) | T/T | |
| VDR (rs2228570) | A/A |
Your genes are defective
Since your genes are defective, your body is unable to recognize normal amounts of vitamin D3 in the cells.
Your VDR-genes are defective and produce impaired VDR receptors.
Through a larger amount of vitamin D3, more of the impaired receptors bind together and the signal for healthy processes becomes stronger again.
Our recommendation for you
Your VDR-genes are defective. Therefore, your cells can only produce defective VDR receptors. Normal amounts of vitamin D3 in the blood are not sufficient to achieve full health benefits. Therefore, you need a significantly higher dose of vitamin D3.
• The most important source of vitamin D3 is the body's own production through the skin. When the sun's UV rays hit the skin, it begins to produce its own vitamin D3. Even a brief stay in the sun is sufficient for this. Vitamin D3 is also produced in this way in winter and in the shade. Since tanning beds mainly work with UV-A rays, they are less suitable for vitamin supply.
• The body can also absorb vitamin D3 through food. Particularly fatty fish such as herring, mackerel, and salmon, but also liver, cod liver oil, cheese, and mushrooms contain a lot of vitamin D3.
• In addition, the vitamin D3 supply can be supported with high-dose dietary supplements.
Important to know
- When vitamin D3 is taken together with calcium, the two micronutrients support each other in absorption.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out what your results look like in terms of vitamin D3 compared to the general population.
The graph shows the possible constellations of how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
C
VDR (rs1544410)
Both genes are functional
Good detection of vitamin D3 Normal requirement of vitamin D3
52%
of the general population is affected
T
VDR (rs1544410)
One gene defective
Moderate recognition of vitamin D3 Increased demand of vitamin D3
37%
of the general population is affected
Your result
T
VDR (rs1544410)
Both genes are defective
Poor detection of vitamin D3 High demand for vitamin D3
11%
of the general population is affected
G
VDR (rs2228570)
Both genes are functional
Good detection of vitamin D3 Normal requirement of vitamin D3
47%
of the general population is affected
A
VDR (rs2228570)
One gene defective
Moderate recognition of vitamin D3 Increased demand of vitamin D3
41%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
VDR (rs2228570)
Both genes are defective
Poor detection of vitamin D3 High demand for vitamin D3
12%
of the general population is affected
Lactose and Calcium
Genes influence how well you tolerate lactose, which in turn affects how much calcium you tend to consume.
How genes influence calcium intake
Calcium is an important mineral for our body. It gives our bones stability and can thus protect us from osteoporosis. About 98% of the calcium in the body is found in the bones.
We can only get calcium from food. Therefore, the right calcium-enriched diet is essential for bone health.
How does calcium get into our body?Calcium is absorbed from the intestines. If vitamin D3 is also present, it increases the absorption of calcium. In the next step, it is transported by the blood throughout the body and then integrated into the bones.
However, according to studies, there are genetic differences in how much dietary calcium a person tends to consume. There are certain variations in the LCT-genes that can lead to lactose in milk not being properly tolerated. As a result, calcium-containing dairy products (which also contain lactose) tend to be avoided and calcium intake drops by about 8%.
How the LCT-genes affect calcium intake
If the genes are effective
In individuals with effective genes, lactose is tolerated well throughout their lifetime, and an adequate amount of calcium is obtained through diet.
Due to functioning LCT-genes, lactose is tolerated well and a sufficient amount of calcium is supplied.
Calcium is absorbed from the intestine.
If the genes are defective
In individuals with defective genes, lactose tolerance tends to decrease with age, resulting in insufficient calcium intake through diet.
Defective LCT-genes lead to lactose intolerance, dairy avoidance, and inadequate calcium intake.
Too little calcium is absorbed from the intestine.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| LCT (rs4988235) | G/A |
Your genes are effective
Because your genes are effective, you tolerate lactose in dairy products well throughout your life and tend to obtain sufficient calcium through your diet.
Due to your effective LCT-genes, a sufficient amount of calcium is provided.
Enough calcium is absorbed from your intestines.
Our recommendation for you
Your LCT-genes are fine. As a result, you tend to tolerate lactose in dairy products well, throughout your life and get enough calcium from your diet. There is no need for specific dietary adjustments.
· The best sources of calcium are dairy products. Particularly cheeses such as Emmental, Parmesan, Gouda, Edam and goat cheese contain large amounts of calcium. Whole and goat's milk also provide a lot of calcium.
· Those who want to avoid dairy products can also use plant-based alternatives to consume calcium. Although there is less calcium in certain plant-based foods, they still provide sufficient amounts. These include poppy seeds, sesame, almonds, hazelnuts, kale, soybeans, figs, olives, walnuts, and broccoli.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
On this page, you will learn how your results, in terms of calcium intake and lactose tolerance, compare to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, i.e. how often the respective gene defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
A
LCT (rs4988235)
Both genes are functional
Normal calcium intake through food Lactose is tolerated well throughout life
32%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
LCT (rs4988235)
One gene defective
Normal calcium intake through food Lactose is tolerated well throughout life
37%
of the general population is affected
G
LCT (rs4988235)
Both genes are defective
Reduced calcium intake through food Lactose is often not tolerated well with advancing age
31%
of the general population is affected
Inflammation and the Immune System
Whether our immune system responds correctly or sometimes overreacts, lies in our genes.
How genes influence the immune system
The immune system is our most important protection against attackers such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Without this protection, the attackers would multiply uncontrollably and attack our body.
To protect us, evolution has developed a highly complex system that works with a multitude of cells, proteins, and signaling substances. Each of these processes is controlled by our genes.
Therefore, the immune system is a powerful weapon against attackers. However, it sometimes overshoots the mark. Our genes also play an important role in this.
When the immune system is too aggressive...
Sometimes the immune system is incorrectly programmed and there is a possibility that it mistakenly recognizes the body's own structures as the enemy and attacks them.
In the case of a real bacterial attack, the immune system reacts as a carefully regulated mechanism.
Important to know
The consequences of an overly aggressive immune system
- Aging of the skin
- Muscle damage
- Redness from sunburn
- Cartilage damage
- Tooth loss
First, the affected tissue is made to swell with signal molecules. This provides enough space for the white blood cells: they can squeeze in between the body's own cells and reach the attacking bacteria. However, this process also poses a strain on the body's own cells and can cause damage.
How do genes regulate the immune system?There are some important genes that regulate the aggressiveness of the immune system. Common defects in these genes can cause the immune system to act too aggressively. This harms the body and cells. 90% of the population have at least one genetic defect.
However, besides the inherent genes and gene defects, there is another factor that can make our immune system more aggressive, but also soothe it. And that is our nutrition.
Inflammation-promoting foodsThe food ingredient arachidonic acid acts like a booster for the immune system. Through this substance, all processes become more aggressive. While this does intensify the fight against attackers, it also increases damage to the body's own cells. Especially when genes favor an aggressive immune system, consuming arachidonic acid-rich foods (mainly meat products) is particularly unhealthy.
Anti-inflammatory foodsThe effect of genes that regulate the immune system towards higher aggression can be throttled with the right diet. Omega-3 fatty acids, mainly found in fish and vegetable oils, as well as the organic sulfur MSM, have anti-inflammatory effects. With a high intake of these substances, the aggression of the immune system is reduced and thus the genetic weakness is balanced.
This is how genes protect against an excessive immune response
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, the immune system is activated at the right strength and the body's own cells are protected.
Inflammation genes activate the immune system to control defense forces.
Properly controlled defense forces fight attackers and do not attack the body's own cells.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, the immune system is activated too strongly, causing damage to the body's own cells.
Defective inflammation genes make the immune system too aggressive.
The overly aggressive immune system also damages the body's own cells.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| TNFA (rs1800629) | G/G | |
| IL6 (rs1800795) | G/C | |
| IL1RN (rs419598) | C/T | |
| CRP (rs3093066) | G/G | |
| IL6R (rs2228145) | C/A |
Your genes are defective
Since your genes are defective, your immune system is programmed to be too aggressive. Omega-3 and MSM can reduce its aggressiveness and the body's own cells are protected against damage.
Your defective inflammation genes activate the immune system too strongly.
MSM and Omega-3 soften the overly active immune system.
The immune system fights attackers and protects the body's own cells.
Our recommendation for you
Your inflammation genes are programmed too aggressively. As a result, your immune system reacts too strongly to threats. This can damage your cells. Therefore, you should reduce the intake of inflammation-promoting substances and increase anti-inflammatory substances to counteract the genetic programming.
• Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid from the group of Omega-6 fatty acids. It is produced by most animals as part of their cell membranes - hence it is almost exclusively found in animal foods. The highest concentrations of arachidonic acid are found in pork fat, veal liver, salmon, tuna, liver sausage, redfish, carp, eel, poultry, beef, chicken eggs, and dairy products.
• The anti-inflammatory Omega-3 fatty acids are found in fish such as herring, mackerel, salmon, sardines, and anchovies as well as algae. Those who wish to avoid animal foods can increase their intake through linseed, chia and walnut oils.
• Organic sulfur (MSM) also has an anti-inflammatory effect. It is mainly found in onions, raw milk, sauerkraut, tomato paste, tea, meat, and fish.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
On this page, you will learn how your results, in terms of immune system inflammation, compare to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible combinations, how frequently the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
Your result
G
TNF-a (rs1800629)
Both genes are functional
Normally regulated immune system
83%
of the general population is affected
A
TNF-a (rs1800629)
One gene defective
Normally regulated immune system
16%
of the general population is affected
A
TNF-a (rs1800629)
Both genes are defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
1%
of the general population is affected
G
IL6 (rs1800795)
Both genes are functional
Normally regulated immune system
77%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
IL6 (rs1800795)
One gene defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
19%
of the general population is affected
C
IL6 (rs1800795)
Both genes are defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
4%
of the general population is affected
C
IL1RN (rs419598)
Both genes are functional
Normally regulated immune system
5%
of the general population is affected
Your result
T
IL1RN (rs419598)
One gene defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
28%
of the general population is affected
T
IL1RN (rs419598)
Both genes are defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
67%
of the general population is affected
T
CRP (rs3093066)
Both genes are functional
Normally regulated immune system
2%
of the general population is affected
G
CRP (rs3093066)
One gene defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
11%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
CRP (rs3093066)
Both genes are defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
87%
of the general population is affected
A
IL6R (rs2228145)
Both genes are functional
Normally regulated immune system
52%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
IL6R (rs2228145)
One gene defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
37%
of the general population is affected
C
IL6R (rs2228145)
Both genes are defective
More aggressive regulation of the immune system
11%
of the general population is affected
Regulation of LDL Cholesterol
LDL is the so-called 'bad' cholesterol. In this chapter, you will learn how your genes affect your LDL cholesterol level.
How genes influence cholesterol levels
With the help of LDL cholesterol, cholesterol is distributed from the liver throughout the body via the blood. However, LDL cholesterol levels that are too high are harmful, as they lead to deposits in the vessels.
The SREBF2-gene is responsible for controlling other genes associated with cholesterol regulation. We can think of this gene as a traffic light at a crossroads that ensures order. It keeps the activity of these genes precisely in balance, so that the cholesterol level can be maintained within the normal range.
Approximately 60% of people have at least one gene defect in this gene family, which leads to elevated bad LDL cholesterol levels. Just like a broken traffic light, everything then goes haywire.
The APOE-gene is responsible for the docking site of the LDLR receptors (arms that can grab LDL), which filter cholesterol from the blood. The unfavorable versions of this gene result in the LDL cholesterol no longer being effectively filtered from the blood. The result are LDL cholesterol levels that are too high.
How genes affect the LDL cholesterol level
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, the LDL cholesterol is sufficiently filtered from the blood.
Cholesterol is absorbed through food and is also produced by the body itself.
The intact regulatory genes ensure that LDL cholesterol is filtered out of the blood.
The LDL cholesterol level is being lowered.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, LDL cholesterol is not sufficiently filtered from the blood.
Cholesterol is absorbed through food and is produced by the body itself.
The defective regulatory genes lead to LDL cholesterol not being effectively filtered from the blood anymore.
The LDL cholesterol level is elevated.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| APOB (rs5742904) | C/C | |
| SREBP2 (rs2228314) | G/G | |
| APOE (rs429358/rs7412) | E3/E4 |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, your regulation of LDL cholesterol is limited.
Try to reduce the intake of cholesterol through your diet.
Your impaired genes filter out somewhat too little LDL cholesterol from your blood. However, Omega 3 and phytosterol support this process.
By reducing cholesterol and additionally taking Omega 3 and phytosterol, your LDL cholesterol level stays properly regulated.
Our recommendation for you
Your genes are impaired. Therefore, your LDL cholesterol regulation is limited. The following tips can help you lower your LDL cholesterol level:
• Reduce so-called trans fats in industrially processed foods as well as meat and dairy products. Also try to avoid saturated fatty acids, which are found in animal foods and junk food.
• Prefer a plant-based diet with lots of green vegetables, cruciferous vegetables (cabbage, broccoli etc.) as well as fruits and vegetables with a high vitamin C content. Wholegrain products, legumes and nuts, such as walnuts and especially Brazil nuts, which have been proven to lower the LDL cholesterol level, are also recommended.
• The Mediterranean diet would be suitable for you. It includes olive oil as the main source of fat, fish with healthy Omega-3, fewer animal, but more vegetable fats, as well as vegetables rich in antioxidants and secondary plant compounds, which can be found in tomatoes, carrots and tropical fruits.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
On this page you will find out how your LDL cholesterol result compares to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations of how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination in the population.
<1%
of the general population is affected
6%
of the general population is affected
66%
of the general population is affected
2%
of the general population is affected
24%
of the general population is affected
1%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
APOB (rs5742904)
Both genes are functional
No predisposition to elevated cholesterol levels
98%
of the general population is affected
T
APOB (rs5742904)
One gene defective
Slight predisposition to increased cholesterol levels
1%
of the general population is affected
T
APOB (rs5742904)
Both genes are defective
High predisposition to elevated cholesterol levels
1%
of the general population is affected
C
SREBP2 (rs2228314)
Both genes are functional
No predisposition to elevated cholesterol levels
20%
of the general population is affected
G
SREBP2 (rs2228314)
One gene defective
No predisposition to elevated cholesterol levels
41%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
SREBP2 (rs2228314)
Both genes are defective
Predisposition to elevated cholesterol levels
39%
of the general population is affected
Regulation of Triglycerides
Triglycerides serve, among other things, as energy storage. However, an excess is unhealthy. Find out the influence your genes have on your triglyceride level.
How genes affect triglyceride levels
Triglycerides, similar to cholesterol, are a specific form of fat. They are vital for life, but can cause problems if present in excessive amounts.
The APOA5 gene, which does not function properly in about 29% of people, has an influence on triglyceride levels. A genetic defect in this gene can cause triglyceride levels to increase dangerously.
How genes influence the triglyceride level
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, triglycerides are effectively lowered.
Triglycerides are absorbed through food and also produced in the body.
Effective regulatory genes ensure that triglycerides are effectively reduced.
The triglyceride level is fine.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, triglycerides are not sufficiently reduced.
Triglycerides are absorbed through food and also produced in the body.
The defective regulatory genes lead to LDL cholesterol not being effectively filtered from the blood anymore.
The triglyceride level is elevated.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| APOA5 (rs662799) | A/A | |
| APOE-Typ (rs429358/rs7412) | E3/E4 |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, your triglycerides will only be slightly lowered.
Try to reduce the intake of triglycerides through your diet.
Your impaired regulatory genes can only slightly lower the level of triglycerides.
Through the reduced intake of triglycerides, your triglyceride level remains properly regulated.
Our recommendation for you
Your genes are impaired. This means your body can only slightly lower triglycerides. Follow the tips below to regulate your triglyceride levels
· Reduce sugar, especially in ready-made products and soft drinks, as well as rapidly metabolizable carbohydrates like those in white bread. Also, reduce alcohol, trans fats, and saturated fatty acids in industrially processed and animal foods.
· Favor a plant-based, fiber-rich diet with lots of green vegetables, cruciferous vegetables (cabbage, broccoli, etc.) and varieties of fruits and vegetables. A low-fat diet alone does not help lower triglycerides, it is much more about the quality of the fats.
· The Mediterranean cuisine is suitable. It includes olive oil as the main fat source, fish with healthy Omega-3, less animal, but more plant fats as well as vegetables rich in antioxidants and secondary plant compounds, which can be found in tomatoes, carrots, and tropical fruits.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
On this page, you will learn how your triglyceride results compare to the overall population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, such as how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
Your result
A
APOA5 (rs662799)
Both genes are functional
Predisposition to normal triglyceride levels No impact on HDL cholesterol levels
71%
of the general population is affected
G
APOA5 (rs662799)
One gene defective
Predisposition to elevated triglyceride levels Predisposition to low HDL cholesterol levels (the good cholesterol)
26%
of the general population is affected
G
APOA5 (rs662799)
Both genes are defective
Predisposition to elevated triglyceride levels Predisposition to low HDL cholesterol levels (the good cholesterol)
3%
of the general population is affected
<1%
of the general population is affected
6%
of the general population is affected
66%
of the general population is affected
2%
of the general population is affected
24%
of the general population is affected
<1%
of the general population is affected
Iron Intake - The Right Amount
Iron is a trace element that is primarily responsible for blood formation and oxygen transport in the blood. Whether iron has a healthy or unhealthy effect on your body depends on your genes.
How genes influence iron absorption
Iron is a very good example of a nutrient that can either have a healthy or unhealthy effect on us. The exact impact depends on our genes. To understand this, we need to look into our evolutionary past.
Iron intake as a hunter and gatherer (20,000 years ago)The average iron content of our food has changed several times over the last 10,000 years. The people who still live as hunters and gatherers today derive about 65% of their daily calories from iron-rich, animal-based food and 35% from plant-based food. We also ate a lot of meat in our past.
Back then, the genes responsible for iron absorption were precisely adjusted by evolution: They only absorbed about 10% of the iron contained in food. The rest was excreted undigested. This was a great system in the era of hunters and gatherers.
Iron intake as early farmers (10,000 years ago)With the development of agriculture, conditions shifted. Suddenly, much more iron-poor plant food was consumed and our HFE-genes were not prepared for it. Iron deficiency became widespread among the population, influencing the survival chances in major blood loss, general health, and the fertility of women.
Gene defects increase iron absorption
Evolution of the HFE-genes (6,000 years ago)Evolution has reacted to these new circumstances that have arisen from the iron-deficient diet. About 6,000 years ago, a genetic defect with positive effects emerged in the region of present-day Ireland inhabited by the Celts. It increased the iron intake from food, thereby providing sufficient iron, despite an iron-deficient diet. This genetic change protected women, especially pregnant ones, from iron deficiency and improved survival chances in case of major blood loss.
Therefore, the Celts were able to spread this new, beneficial genetic defect throughout Europe as they spread east.
Iron intake in the present timeToday, thanks to the supermarket, we consume more iron than our agricultural ancestors. Therefore, our primitive HFE-genes are no longer a problem with a balanced diet. However, the new or defective HFE-genes, which absorb more iron, suddenly become a problem.
If individuals with these genes consume a particularly iron-rich diet - even with dietary supplements - it can quickly become too much of a good thing and become unhealthy.
People who have inherited only one new or defective HFE-gene from their parents usually already have elevated, but still healthy iron levels in the blood. On the other hand, those who have inherited the defective gene from both parents, absorb far too much iron. This means it can accumulate over decades leading to an unhealthy amount in the body.
The amount of iron a person should consume through food is dependent on their genes.
Important to know
Symptoms and Consequences of iron overload:
- Fatigue and weakness are often the first signs
- Deposits on various organs
- Damage to the liver, heart and pancreas
- Joint complaints
- Vomiting and diarrhea in case of acute iron overload
How the HFE-genes affect iron absorption
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, a normal amount of iron is absorbed.
Iron is absorbed through food.
The HFE-genes produce channels in the intestine through which a normal amount of iron is absorbed into the body.
The remaining iron in the diet is not absorbed and is excreted again.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, significantly more iron is absorbed, which can lead to overload.
Iron is absorbed through food.
The defective genes produce too many channels in the intestine, through which too much iron is absorbed into the body.
The remaining iron in the diet is not absorbed and is excreted again.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| HFE (rs1799945) | C/C | |
| HFE (rs1800730) | A/A | |
| HFE (rs1800562) | G/G |
Your genes are effective
Since your genes are effective, you absorb a normal amount of iron.
Iron from your food enters the intestine.
Your HFE-genes produce channels in the intestine that allow a normal amount of iron to be absorbed into the body.
The remaining iron in the diet is not absorbed and is excreted again.
Our recommendation for you
Your genes are effective. This means your body absorbs a normal amount of iron from food as needed. However, an iron-poor diet (e.g. vegetarian or vegan), can lead to a deficiency.
• In addition to many other functions in the body, iron is a key component of red blood cells, the so-called hemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood.
• Iron deficiency leads to a lack of hemoglobin and consequently to anemia. This can impair performance capacity, reduce fertility in women, negatively affect mood, trigger headaches or sleep disorders, and lead to constant fatigue.
• Iron from animal foods is absorbed about three times better than iron from plant sources.
The best iron suppliers from the plant world are:
- Wheat bran
- Rye
- Rice
- Oat flakes
- Buckwheat
Important to know
- The iron absorption is increased by the simultaneous intake of vitamin C or drinking sour fruit juices.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
On this page, you will find out how your result, in terms of iron intake, compares to the general population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations of how often the respective genetic defects occur alone or in combination within the population.
Your result
G
HFE (rs1800562)
Both genes are functional
Normal iron intake
97%
of the general population is affected
A
HFE (rs1800562)
One gene defective
Slightly increased iron intake
2%
of the general population is affected
A
HFE (rs1800562)
Both genes are defective
Significantly increased iron intake
1%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
HFE (rs1799945)
Both genes are functional
Normal iron intake
87%
of the general population is affected
G
HFE (rs1799945)
One gene defective
Slightly increased iron intake
12%
of the general population is affected
G
HFE (rs1799945)
Both genes are defective
Slightly increased iron intake
1%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
HFE (rs1800730)
Both genes are functional
Normal iron intake
98%
of the general population is affected
T
HFE (rs1800730)
One gene defective
Slightly increased iron intake
1%
of the general population is affected
T
HFE (rs1800730)
Both genes are defective
Slightly increased iron intake
1%
of the general population is affected
Methylation
The Silent Regulator of Your DNA
Methylation is a key process that controls gene activity, affecting health and disease by turning genes on or off.
Understanding the importance of healthy methylation.
Methylation is an important biological process that modifies our DNA and thereby makes genes more or less active, depending on what is required in the cell. It is one of the key functions that drive what scientists call 'Epigenetics', the regulation of our genes, influenced by our environment.
Methylation serves a multifaceted role beyond gene regulation. In addition to managing signaling molecules in the brain, it plays a vital role in various physiological processes:
Detoxification:Methylation is integral to detoxification processes in the body, aiding in the elimination of harmful substances and supporting overall cellular health.
Immune System Support:Methylation contributes to the proper functioning of the immune system, helping the body defend against infections and maintain overall immune health.
Neurological Function:Methylation influences neurological function, impacting motivation, drive, cognitive tasks, attention, pain sensitivity or perception and mood regulation.
It plays a role in maintaining the health of the nervous system.
Cardiovascular Health:Disruptions in methylation processes can impact cardiovascular health, contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Cancer Risk:Methylation is implicated in the regulation of genes involved in cell growth and division. Disruptions in methylation can contribute to the development of cancer, emphasizing its critical role in maintaining cellular integrity.
Understanding the comprehensive impact of methylation underscores its critical importance for overall bodily function. Imbalances or disruptions in methylation processes can have widespread effects on various aspects of health, highlighting the need for a balanced and wellregulated methylation system. For methylation to work correctly, it requires a number of nutrients. In addition, there are substances in the body that disrupt methylation and therefore need to be removed for methylation to occur.
Methylation A Process Overview
Homocysteine as a methylation blocker
Homocysteine is a naturally occurring substance in human blood, that causes no problems if present at normal levels. Elevated levels of homocysteine, however, can have a detrimental effect on heart health and the crucial methylation pathways.
As high homocysteine is unhealthy, the body has developed a process whereby homocysteine can be converted to the healthy substance, methionine, which is required for essential processes in the body. Methionine is also one of the factors required for methylation processes.
Certain genes, as well as vital nutrients are required to facilitate this conversion into methionine, and so genetic defects as well as nutrient deficiencies can disrupt this vital breakdown of harmful homocysteine.
Conversion from homocysteine to methionine
The protective machinery of the body has a specific goal: Break down harmful homocysteine to healthy methionine. This conversion is critical for optimal health.
The first step in this process is to convert a precursor of homocysteine (SAH, S-adenosylhomocysteine) to homocysteine (Hyc). This substance is then later converted into healthy methionine (Met).
Genes and nutrients play a critical role in this process and must function properly or be available in sufficient quantities for optimal methylation to occur.
Methylation The Machinery
The machinery, that breaks down homocysteine
The small molecular engine, that recognizes homocysteine and breaks it down into methionine consists of a number of essential components, each of which needs to be present in the right amounts for the process to occur.
MethylfolateThis nutrient must be obtained from food or supplements and is a very essential component. This substance can, however, also be produced by the body from the ingested nutrient folic acid, as long as the genes responsible for this conversion (called MTHFR) are fully functional.
Vitamin B12This vitamin is obtained from food and is an essential building block in the break down process.
The MTR ProteinThis protein is produced by the MTR-genes. It contains the building instructions for the MTR protein, that is an essential component of the break down machinery.
Breakdown and recharge
The charged break down machinery is now ready to go. It attaches to homocysteine and breaks it down to healthy methionine. During this process, the machinery is discharged.
Next, the MTRR-genes produce charging stations, that recharge and recycle the machinery, which is then able to process another molecule of homocysteine.
This process effectively reduces homocysteine and produces methionine, which boosts healthy methylation.
The Entire Process with Its Relevant Genes
Methylation
Here you see the whole process with the relevant genes and nutrient requirement for effective methylation.
Step 1
Break down of SAH to HYC
The first step in the process is the conversion of SAH (S-adenosylhomocysteine) to Hyc (Homocysteine). Both SAH and homocysteine disrupt healthy methylation, so this process must take place so that homocysteine can further be broken down at a later stage.
Conversion from SAH to homocysteine
If the genes are effective
If the genes are functional, SAH (which needs to be removed) is converted to homocysteine.
SAH is naturally present in the body and needs to be removed.
The AHCY-genes break down SAH to the substance homocysteine.
Homocysteine is an intermediate product in the breakdown pathway and is later also broken down.
If the genes are defective
If the genes are defective, the conversion of SAH (which needs to be removed) to homocysteine is very slow. SAH can accumulate and disrupt methylation in the body.
SAH is naturally present in the body and needs to be removed.
The AHCY genes are defective and only very slowly break down SAH to the substance homocysteine. As a result, unhealthy SAH accumulates in the body.
Homocysteine is only slowly produced and so removal of SAH and Hyc is greatly reduced.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| AHCY (rs13043752) | G/G | |
| AHCY (rs61301825) | C/C | |
| AHCY (rs7271501) | G/G |
Your genes are effective
Since your genes are functional, SAH (which needs to be removed) is converted to homocysteine.
SAH is naturally present in your body and needs to be removed.
Your AHCY-genes break down SAH to the substance homocysteine.
Homocysteine is an intermediate product in the breakdown pathway and is later also broken down.
Step 2
Activation of folic acid
The second step focuses on the activation of otherwise inactive folic acid to the active form methylfolate (5MTHF). This conversion is done by the MTHFR-genes. If these genes are defective, folic acid remains inactive and can not help break down harmful homocysteine.
MethylfolateThis nutrient must be obtained from food or supplements and is another essential component. This substance can, however, also be produced by the body from the ingested nutrient folic acid, as long as the genes responsible for this conversion (called MTHFR) are fully functional.
How the MTHFR-genes affect folic acid conversion
If the genes are effective
In people with effective genes, folic acid can be converted into the active form of methylfolate by MTHFR.
Folic acid enters the body through food, but it is still ineffective and inactive.
The functioning MTHFR-genes provide the building instructions and MTHFR is produced.
MTHFR recognizes folic acid and chemically converts it into the active form.
The active form of methylfolate shows its healthy effect.
If the genes are defective
In people with defective genes, folic acid cannot be converted and remains ineffective.
Folic acid enters the body through food, but is still ineffective and inactive.
The defective MTHFR-genes cannot produce MTHFR.
Folic acid is not converted into the active form and remains ineffective.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| MTHFR (rs1801133) | G/A | |
| MTHFR (rs1801131) | T/T |
Your genes are impaired
Since your genes are impaired, folic acid can only be converted slowly.
Folic acid is still inactive after ingestion.
Your impaired MTHFR-genes can only activate folic acid to a limited extent.
Folic acid is only slowly activated by your impaired genes.
By taking methylfolate, you are optimally supplied.
Step 3
Building the homocysteine breakdown machinery
The third step builds the essential component of the homocysteine breakdown machinery. This component (called the MTR protein) is produced by the MTR genes and if this gene is defective, the machinery can not be built as effectively.
Vitamin B12This vitamin is obtained from food and is an essential building block in the break down process.
The MTR ProteinThis protein is produced by the MTR genes. It contains the building instructions for the MTR protein, that is an essential component of the break down machinery.
Building the homocysteine breakdown machinery
If the genes are effective
If the genes are functional, highly effective break down machines are built to reduce harmful homocysteine.
Methylfolate is either produced by the activation of folic acid (MTHFR-genes) or directly ingested.
Vitamin B12 is obtained from the diet.
The MTR-genes build the component of the break down machinery and all components are combined.
Homocysteine is effectively neutralized to healthy methionine.
If the genes are defective
If the genes are defective, malformed breakdown machines are built, and the breakdown of homocysteine is impaired.
Methylfolate is either produced by the activation of folic acid (MTHFR-genes) or directly ingested.
Vitamin B12 is obtained from the diet.
The MTR-genes are defective and build a malformed component of the break down machinery.
Homocysteine is not broken down and is disrupting methylation.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| MTR (rs1805087) | G/A | |
| MTR (rs12913578) | C/C |
Your genes are effective
Since your genes are functional, highly effective break down machines are built to reduce harmful homocysteine.
Methylfolate is either produced by the activation of folic acid (MTHFR-genes) or directly ingested.
Vitamin B12 is obtained from the diet.
The MTR-genes build the component of the break down machinery and all components are combined.
Homocysteine is effectively neutralized to healthy methionine.
Step4
Recharging the breakdown machinery
The fourth step recharges the breakdown machinery. The MTRR-genes produce recharging stations to recharge the breakdown machinery, so it can break down another molecule of homocysteine. This way it is recycled and much more effective in reducing homocysteine.
Recharging the break down machinery
If the genes are effective
If the genes are functional, the break down machinery can be recharged and recycled to break down more homocysteine.
Harmful homocysteine needs to be removed.
The breakdown machinery converts homocysteine to healthy methionine, but is discharged in the process.
The MTRR-genes build recharging stations that bring the break down machinery back to its full charge.
The break down machinery is recycled to break down another molecule of homocysteine.
If the genes are defective
If the genes are defective, recharging does not take place as effectively. Break down of homocysteine is impaired.
Harmful homocysteine needs to be removed.
The breakdown machinery converts homocysteine to healthy methionine, but is discharged in the process.
The MTRR-genes are defective and so does not build recharging stations that bring the break down machinery back to ist full charge.
No recycling of the break down machinery takes place.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| MTRR (rs1801394) | G/G |
Your genes are defective
As your genes are defective, recharging of the break down machinery only happens very slowly.
Harmful homocysteine needs to be removed.
The breakdown machinery converts homocysteine to healthy methionine, but is discharged in the process.
Your MTRR-genes are defective and so hardly builds recharging stations that bring the break down machinery back to ist full charge.
No recycling of the break down machinery takes place.
Methylation booster nutrients help remove homocysteine in other ways.
Step 5
Methionine as fuel for COMT
The fifth step uses the produced methionine as fuel for the methylation processes. The COMT-genes use methionine indirectly to methylate various components of the body, including neurotransmitters.
Break down of Dopamine
If the genes are effective
If the genes are functional, dopamine is broken down fast enough to keep dopamine levels in check.
Dopamine is released and excites neighboring brain cells.
The COMT-genes produces COMT in the brain.
Methionine provides the fuel for COMT.
COMT breaks down dopamine to a normal level. Dopamine is reduced.
If the genes are defective
If the genes are defective, dopamine is not reduced as it should be. Levels rise and overexcite the brain.
Dopamine is released and excites neighboring brain cells.
The defective COMT-genes do not produce sufficient COMT in the brain.
Methionine provides the fuel for COMT.
Too much dopamine overexcites the brain.
Daniel, here is your result
| Gene | Genotype | Function |
|---|---|---|
| COMT (rs4680) | G/G |
Your genes are effective
Your genes are functional, so dopamine is effectively reduced in the brain to protect from overstimulation.
Dopamine is released and excites neighboring brain cells.
Your COMT-genes produce COMT in your brain.
Methionine provides the fuel for COMT.
COMT breaks down dopamine to a normal level. Dopamine is reduced.
Our recommendation for you
To support your methylation process effectively, you can focus on a combination of dietary choices, supplements, and lifestyle behaviors. Here's a consolidated recommendation.
Methylation booster:
B-Vitamin Complex:Boosts energy and metabolism, found in meats, dairy, and greens.
Magnesium:Supports nerve and muscle function, found in nuts and greens.
Omega-3 (DHA&EPA):Crucial for heart and brain, found in fatty fish and seeds; includes fish oil and algae options.
TMG (Trimethylglycine):Benefits methylation and heart health, found in beets and grains.
Zinc:Key for immunity, found in meat, shellfish, and nuts.
L-Methionine:Aids detoxification, found in meat, fish, and dairy.
5-MTHF (Folate):Ready-to-use folate for DNA repair, found in greens and legumes.
Green Tea:Antioxidant-rich for heart and brain health.
Manage Stress:Through mindfulness or exercise.
Exercise Regularly:150 minutes of moderate activity weekly.
Avoid Toxins:Limit exposure to smoke and pesticides.
Sleep Well:Aim for 7-9 hours nightly.
Stay Hydrated:The body needs approximately 0.34 oz of fluid per 1 kcal per day. This amount also includes the water absorbed from solid foods. Therefore, you should drink at least 51 oz per day, and correspondingly more during physical exertion or in high ambient temperatures.
Need
Your genetic profile has the following influence on your needs:
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Less
is better for you
More
is better for you
Your total nutrient and vitamin requirements can be found in the Precision Nutrition Plan.
Science of genes
Your genes in comparison
Here you will find out what your result looks like in terms of methylation compared to the entire population.
The graphic shows the possible constellations, how often the respective gene defects occur alone or in combination in the population.
Your result
C
AHCY (rs13043752)
Both genes are functional
Normal/Fast conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
99%
of the general population is affected
A
AHCY (rs13043752)
One gene defective
Slow conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
1%
of the general population is affected
A
AHCY (rs13043752)
Both genes are defective
Very slow conversion of SAH to homocysteine
<1%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
AHCY (rs41301825)
Both genes are functional
Normal/Fast conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
99%
of the general population is affected
T
AHCY (rs41301825)
One gene defective
Slow conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
1%
of the general population is affected
T
AHCY (rs41301825)
Both genes are defective
Very slow conversion of SAH to homocysteine
<1%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
AHCY (rs7271501)
Both genes are functional
Normal/Fast conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
80%
of the general population is affected
C
AHCY (rs7271501)
One gene defective
Slow conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
14%
of the general population is affected
C
AHCY (rs7271501)
Both genes are defective
Very slow conversion of Sa-Homocysteine to homocysteine
6%
of the general population is affected
Your result
T
MTHFR (rs1801131)
Both genes are functional
Normal homocysteine level
57%
of the general population is affected
G
MTHFR (rs1801131)
One gene defective
Slightly increased homocysteine level
36%
of the general population is affected
G
MTHFR (rs1801131)
Both genes are defective
Increased homocysteine level
7%
of the general population is affected
C
MTHFR (rs1801133)
Both genes are functional
Normal homocysteine level
59%
of the general population is affected
Your result
A
MTHFR (rs1801133)
One gene defective
Slightly increased homocysteine level
33%
of the general population is affected
A
MTHFR (rs1801133)
Both genes are defective
Increased homocysteine level
8%
of the general population is affected
A
MTR (rs1805087)
Both genes are functional
Effective break-down of harmful homocysteine
62%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
MTR (rs1805087)
One gene defective
Slower break-down of harmful homocysteine
33%
of the general population is affected
G
MTR (rs1805087)
Both genes are defective
Strong reduction of break-down of harmful homocysteine
5%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
MTR (rs12913578)
Both genes are functional
Effective break-down of harmful homocysteine
99%
of the general population is affected
T
MTR (rs12913578)
One gene defective
Slower break-down of harmful homocysteine
1%
of the general population is affected
T
MTR (rs12913578)
Both genes are defective
Strong reduction of break-down of harmful homocysteine
<1%
of the general population is affected
A
MTRR (rs1801394)
Both genes are functional
The homocysteine break down machinery can effectively be reactivated and recycled to process more homocysteine
43%
of the general population is affected
G
MTRR (rs1801394)
One gene defective
The homocysteine break down machinery can slowly be reactivated and recycled to process more homocysteine
41%
of the general population is affected
Your result
G
MTRR (rs1801394)
Both genes are defective
The homocysteine break down machinery can only very slowly be reactivated and recycled to process more homocysteine
16%
of the general population is affected
Your result
C
COMT (rs4680)
Both genes are functional
Dopamine is broken down fast enough to keep dopamine levels in check
41%
of the general population is affected
A
COMT (rs4680)
One gene defective
Dopamine cannot be broken down fast enough to keep dopamine levels in check
44%
of the general population is affected
A
COMT (rs4680)
Both genes are defective
Dopamine cannot be broken down fast enough to keep dopamine levels in check
15%
of the general population is affected
About our laboratory
We want to help people make their lives simpler and healthier. To do this, we use state-of-the-art technologies and rely on our many years of experience as a leading biotech provider.
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Leading technology
Made in Austria
Dr. Daniel Wallerstorfer
Chief Scientific Officer, 10X Health
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To meet the high demands of our own quality standards, we have been relying on leading methods and high-tech equipment for our analyses. High laboratory capacities, advanced technologies, as well as a large team of experienced experts make us one of the leaders in personalized diagnostics.
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Technical details of your analysis
Order number
PBA1331
Date of birth
02/11/1982
Analysis method
DNA Microrray
Surname, First name
Wallerstoffer, Daniel
Report created
09/08/2024
Current version
V1.1
Laboratory
Novogenia GmbH
Strass
5301 Eugendorf
AUSTRIA
Responsible Company
10X Health #901 2920 NE 207th St Miami, FL 33180 USA
Laboratory Director
Dr. Daniel Wallerstorfer Bsc.
Laboratory Manager
René Rohrmanstorfer, M.Sc.
Imprint
Novogenia GmbH, Strass 19, 5301 Eugendorf, AUSTRIA
With your analysis, you have taken an important step to optimally monitor your health.
Take the next step in your precision wellness journey now
Do you have any questions? Contact us at
+1 (844) 977-2810
support@10xhealthsystem.com
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Step 4
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